Social stigma is the disapproval of, or discrimination against, an individual or group based on perceivable social characteristics that serve to distinguish them from other members of a society. Social stigmas are commonly related to culture, gender, race, socioeconomic class, age, sexual orientation, body image, intelligence, and health. Stigma can also be against oneself, stemming from a negatively viewed personal attribute that results in a 'spoiled identity" (i.e., self-stigma.)